# rhinoplasty.cc

> Independent reference on rhinoplasty: ranked US surgeons with sourced dossiers, techniques and history in the surgeon's language, journal and video archives. Rankings are an opinion built from the public record with a published method (https://rhinoplasty.cc/top-50/methodology).

## Top 50 US rhinoplasty surgeons (2026)

- [#1 Rod J. Rohrich, Dallas, TX](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/rod-rohrich): score 96/95; 132 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#2 Bahman Guyuron, Cleveland, OH](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/bahman-guyuron): score 93/95; 58 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#3 Aaron Kosins, Newport Beach, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/aaron-kosins): score 87/95; 24 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#4 Ashkan Ghavami, Beverly Hills, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/ashkan-ghavami): score 81/95; 8 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#5 Sam P. Most, Palo Alto, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/sam-most): score 77/95; 72 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#6 Jason Roostaeian, Los Angeles, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/jason-roostaeian): score 77/95; 19 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#7 Dean M. Toriumi, Chicago, IL](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/dean-toriumi): score 77/95; 51 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#8 Paul Nassif, Beverly Hills & Mission Viejo, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/paul-nassif): score 75/95; 10 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#9 Jay W Calvert, Beverly Hills & Newport Beach, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/jay-calvert): score 71/95; 10 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#10 Samuel Lin, Boston, MA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/samuel-lin): score 63/95; 22 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#11 Jeffrey R Marcus, Durham, NC](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/jeffrey-marcus): score 62/95; 13 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#12 Alan Matarasso, New York City, NY](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/alan-matarasso): score 58/95; 7 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#13 Steven Pearlman, New York City, NY](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/steven-pearlman): score 57/95; 14 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#14 Ira D Papel, Baltimore, MD](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/ira-papel): score 54/95; 12 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#15 Paul N Afrooz, Coral Gables, FL](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/paul-afrooz): score 54/95; 6 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#16 Ali Totonchi, Lyndhurst, Westlake & Cleveland, OH](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/ali-totonchi): score 53/95; 5 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#17 Steven Dayan, Chicago, IL](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/steven-dayan): score 52/95; 10 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#18 Jose Barrera, San Antonio, TX](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/jose-barrera): score 52/95; 13 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#19 Richard G Reish, New York City, NY](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/richard-reish): score 52/95; 10 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#20 Brian J. Wong, Irvine, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/brian-wong): score 51/95; 34 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#21 Daniel Becker, Sewell, NJ](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/daniel-becker): score 49/95; 17 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#22 Babak Azizzadeh, Beverly Hills, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/babak-azizzadeh): score 48/95; 5 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#23 Adam Bryce Weinfeld, Austin, TX](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/adam-weinfeld): score 48/95; 3 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#24 Joe Gryskiewicz, Burnsville, MN](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/joe-gryskiewicz): score 47/95; 10 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#25 Derek Steinbacher, Guilford, CT](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/derek-steinbacher): score 46/95; 16 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#26 Yash Avashia, Dallas, TX](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/yash-avashia): score 46/95; 14 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#27 C. Spencer Cochran, Dallas, TX](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/spencer-cochran): score 46/95; 7 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#28 Manish Shah, Englewood, CO](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/manish-shah): score 44/95; 1 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#29 Mark G Albert, New York City, NY; Southampton & Boston, MA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/mark-albert): score 44/95; 1 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#30 Jason Bloom, Bryn Mawr, PA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/jason-bloom): score 43/95; 7 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#31 Justin Bellamy, Palm Beach Gardens, FL](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/justin-bellamy): score 43/95; 6 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#32 Emily Spataro, St. Louis, MO](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/emily-spataro): score 42/95; 11 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#33 Stephen Baker, Washington, DC](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/stephen-baker): score 41/95; 7 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#34 Jeffrey H. Spiegel, Newton & Boston, MA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/jeffrey-spiegel): score 40/95; 5 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#35 Edward Farrior, Tampa, FL](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/edward-farrior): score 40/95; 5 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#36 Sam S. Rizk, New York City, NY](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/sam-rizk): score 40/95; 1 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#37 Andrew S. Frankel, Beverly Hills, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/andrew-frankel): score 39/95; 3 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#38 Benjamin Talei, Beverly Hills, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/benjamin-talei): score 39/95; 1 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#39 Richard Zoumalan, Beverly Hills, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/richard-zoumalan): score 39/95; 4 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#40 Jeremy Warner, Northfield, IL](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/jeremy-warner): score 39/95; 3 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#41 Edwin F. Williams, Latham, NY](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/edwin-williams): score 38/95; 5 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#42 Philip J. Miller, New York City, NY](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/philip-miller): score 36/95; 5 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#43 Amit Bhrany, Seattle, WA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/amit-bhrany): score 36/95; 1 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#44 George L. Murrell, Chesapeake, VA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/george-murrell): score 36/95; 2 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#45 Sidney Starkman, Scottsdale, AZ](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/sidney-starkman): score 34/95; 0 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#46 R. Laurence Berkowitz, San Jose, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/laurence-berkowitz): score 34/95; 6 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#47 Corey S. Maas, San Francisco, CA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/corey-maas): score 32/95; 2 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#48 Anita Sethna, Atlanta, GA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/anita-sethna): score 31/95; 2 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#49 Douglas M. Sidle, Chicago, IL](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/douglas-sidle): score 31/95; 1 core-journal rhinoplasty papers
- [#50 Eric Dobratz, Norfolk, VA](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgeon/eric-dobratz): score 30/95; 7 core-journal rhinoplasty papers

## Surgeons by city

- [Dallas, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/dallas): 9 surgeons
- [San Antonio, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/san-antonio): 3 surgeons
- [Austin, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/austin): 4 surgeons
- [Rollingwood, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/rollingwood): 2 surgeons
- [Houston, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/houston): 5 surgeons
- [West Lake Hills, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/west-lake-hills): 2 surgeons
- [UT Southwestern, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/ut-southwestern): 1 surgeons
- [University Park, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/university-park): 1 surgeons
- [Sugar Land, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/sugar-land): 1 surgeons
- [Fort Worth, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/fort-worth): 1 surgeons
- [Grapevine, Texas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/texas/grapevine): 1 surgeons
- [Palo Alto, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/palo-alto): 4 surgeons
- [Newport Beach, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/newport-beach): 6 surgeons
- [Los Angeles, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/los-angeles): 4 surgeons
- [Beverly Hills, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/beverly-hills): 22 surgeons
- [Mission Viejo, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/mission-viejo): 1 surgeons
- [Irvine, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/irvine): 1 surgeons
- [San Francisco, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/san-francisco): 7 surgeons
- [San Jose, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/san-jose): 1 surgeons
- [San Diego, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/san-diego): 3 surgeons
- [Santa Barbara, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/santa-barbara): 1 surgeons
- [Sacramento, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/sacramento): 1 surgeons
- [Marina del Rey, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/marina-del-rey): 2 surgeons
- [Culver City, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/culver-city): 2 surgeons
- [Encino, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/encino): 1 surgeons
- [La Jolla, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/la-jolla): 2 surgeons
- [Danville, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/danville): 1 surgeons
- [Vista, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/vista): 1 surgeons
- [Orinda, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/orinda): 1 surgeons
- [Pleasanton, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/pleasanton): 1 surgeons
- [Torrance, California](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/california/torrance): 1 surgeons
- [Cleveland, Ohio](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/ohio/cleveland): 3 surgeons
- [Lyndhurst, Ohio](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/ohio/lyndhurst): 1 surgeons
- [Westlake, Ohio](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/ohio/westlake): 2 surgeons
- [Beachwood, Ohio](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/ohio/beachwood): 3 surgeons
- [Columbus, Ohio](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/ohio/columbus): 1 surgeons
- [Cincinnati, Ohio](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/ohio/cincinnati): 2 surgeons
- [Edgewood, Ohio](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/ohio/edgewood): 1 surgeons
- [Dublin, Ohio](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/ohio/dublin): 1 surgeons
- [Chicago, Illinois](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/illinois/chicago): 13 surgeons
- [Northfield, Illinois](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/illinois/northfield): 1 surgeons
- [Northbrook, Illinois](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/illinois/northbrook): 2 surgeons
- [New York, New York](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-york/new-york): 25 surgeons
- [Latham, New York](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-york/latham): 2 surgeons
- [Great Neck, New York](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-york/great-neck): 1 surgeons
- [Syracuse, New York](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-york/syracuse): 2 surgeons
- [Rochester, New York](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-york/rochester): 1 surgeons
- [Orchard Park, New York](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-york/orchard-park): 1 surgeons
- [Boston, Massachusetts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/massachusetts/boston): 7 surgeons
- [Newton, Massachusetts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/massachusetts/newton): 2 surgeons
- [Southampton, Massachusetts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/massachusetts/southampton): 1 surgeons
- [Sewell, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/sewell): 1 surgeons
- [Englewood, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/englewood): 1 surgeons
- [Highland Park, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/highland-park): 2 surgeons
- [Paramus, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/paramus): 1 surgeons
- [Hackensack, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/hackensack): 1 surgeons
- [West Orange, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/west-orange): 1 surgeons
- [Princeton, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/princeton): 1 surgeons
- [Woodland Park, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/woodland-park): 1 surgeons
- [Cedar Grove, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/cedar-grove): 1 surgeons
- [Cherry Hill, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/cherry-hill): 1 surgeons
- [Morristown, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/morristown): 1 surgeons
- [Livingston, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/livingston): 1 surgeons
- [Florham Park, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/florham-park): 1 surgeons
- [Somerville, New Jersey](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/new-jersey/somerville): 1 surgeons
- [Baltimore, Maryland](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/maryland/baltimore): 1 surgeons
- [Chevy Chase, Maryland](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/maryland/chevy-chase): 1 surgeons
- [Vienna, Maryland](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/maryland/vienna): 1 surgeons
- [Lutherville-Timonium, Maryland](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/maryland/lutherville-timonium): 1 surgeons
- [Rockville, Maryland](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/maryland/rockville): 1 surgeons
- [McLean, Maryland](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/maryland/mclean): 1 surgeons
- [Coral Gables, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/coral-gables): 2 surgeons
- [Tampa, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/tampa): 2 surgeons
- [Palm Beach Gardens, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/palm-beach-gardens): 1 surgeons
- [Miami, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/miami): 5 surgeons
- [Boca Raton, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/boca-raton): 2 surgeons
- [Miami Beach, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/miami-beach): 1 surgeons
- [Aventura, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/aventura): 1 surgeons
- [South Miami, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/south-miami): 1 surgeons
- [Bay Harbor Islands, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/bay-harbor-islands): 1 surgeons
- [Hollywood, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/hollywood): 1 surgeons
- [Jupiter, Florida](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/florida/jupiter): 1 surgeons
- [Guilford, Connecticut](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/connecticut/guilford): 1 surgeons
- [Durham, North Carolina](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/north-carolina/durham): 1 surgeons
- [Charlotte, North Carolina](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/north-carolina/charlotte): 4 surgeons
- [Raleigh, North Carolina](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/north-carolina/raleigh): 1 surgeons
- [Cary, North Carolina](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/north-carolina/cary): 1 surgeons
- [Southern Pines, North Carolina](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/north-carolina/southern-pines): 1 surgeons
- [Burnsville, Minnesota](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/minnesota/burnsville): 1 surgeons
- [Woodbury, Minnesota](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/minnesota/woodbury): 2 surgeons
- [Minneapolis, Minnesota](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/minnesota/minneapolis): 1 surgeons
- [Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/pennsylvania/bryn-mawr): 1 surgeons
- [Philadelphia, Pennsylvania](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/pennsylvania/philadelphia): 3 surgeons
- [Ardmore, Pennsylvania](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/pennsylvania/ardmore): 1 surgeons
- [Langhorne, Pennsylvania](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/pennsylvania/langhorne): 1 surgeons
- [Chester, Pennsylvania](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/pennsylvania/chester): 1 surgeons
- [St. Louis, Missouri](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/missouri/st-louis): 2 surgeons
- [Chesterfield, Missouri](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/missouri/chesterfield): 1 surgeons
- [St. Peters, Missouri](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/missouri/st-peters): 1 surgeons
- [Seattle, Washington](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/washington/seattle): 2 surgeons
- [Spokane, Washington](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/washington/spokane): 1 surgeons
- [Englewood, Colorado](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/colorado/englewood): 2 surgeons
- [Lone Tree, Colorado](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/colorado/lone-tree): 1 surgeons
- [Atlanta, Georgia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/georgia/atlanta): 7 surgeons
- [Hiram, Georgia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/georgia/hiram): 1 surgeons
- [Duluth, Georgia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/georgia/duluth): 1 surgeons
- [Alpharetta, Georgia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/georgia/alpharetta): 2 surgeons
- [Savannah, Georgia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/georgia/savannah): 1 surgeons
- [Washington, District of Columbia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/district-of-columbia/washington): 4 surgeons
- [Scottsdale, Arizona](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/arizona/scottsdale): 2 surgeons
- [Norfolk, Virginia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/virginia/norfolk): 1 surgeons
- [Chesapeake, Virginia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/virginia/chesapeake): 1 surgeons
- [Charlottesville, Virginia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/virginia/charlottesville): 2 surgeons
- [Richmond, Virginia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/virginia/richmond): 1 surgeons
- [Midlothian, Virginia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/virginia/midlothian): 1 surgeons
- [McLean, Virginia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/virginia/mclean): 1 surgeons
- [Fairfax, Virginia](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/virginia/fairfax): 3 surgeons
- [Birmingham, Alabama](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/alabama/birmingham): 2 surgeons
- [Gulf Shores, Alabama](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/alabama/gulf-shores): 1 surgeons
- [Franklin, Tennessee](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/tennessee/franklin): 1 surgeons
- [Nashville, Tennessee](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/tennessee/nashville): 3 surgeons
- [Germantown, Tennessee](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/tennessee/germantown): 1 surgeons
- [Greenwood, Indiana](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/indiana/greenwood): 1 surgeons
- [Carmel, Indiana](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/indiana/carmel): 3 surgeons
- [Ann Arbor, Michigan](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/michigan/ann-arbor): 1 surgeons
- [Detroit, Michigan](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/michigan/detroit): 1 surgeons
- [Clinton Township, Michigan](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/michigan/clinton-township): 1 surgeons
- [Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/michigan/grosse-pointe-farms): 1 surgeons
- [Southfield, Michigan](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/michigan/southfield): 1 surgeons
- [Novi, Michigan](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/michigan/novi): 1 surgeons
- [East Lansing, Michigan](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/michigan/east-lansing): 1 surgeons
- [Kansas City, Kansas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/kansas/kansas-city): 2 surgeons
- [Merriam, Kansas](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/kansas/merriam): 1 surgeons
- [Shreveport, Louisiana](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/louisiana/shreveport): 1 surgeons
- [Metairie, Louisiana](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/louisiana/metairie): 1 surgeons
- [Milwaukee, Wisconsin](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/wisconsin/milwaukee): 1 surgeons
- [Meridian, Idaho](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/idaho/meridian): 1 surgeons
- [Omaha, Nebraska](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/nebraska/omaha): 1 surgeons
- [Louisville, Kentucky](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/kentucky/louisville): 1 surgeons
- [Lexington, Kentucky](https://rhinoplasty.cc/rhinoplasty/us/kentucky/lexington): 1 surgeons

## The surgery

- [African American rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/african-american-rhinoplasty): The literature on rhinoplasty in patients of African descent measures a wide range of nasal shapes within the group and plans around three structural facts: a soft tissue envelope that is thick over the tip, a cartilage framework that gives limited tip support, and a nasal base that is wide relative to the bridge. The stated goal in the recent reviews is a nose that keeps the patient's own features while matching the rest of the face.
- [Blocked breathing after rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/airway-obstruction): A nose that breathes worse after surgery than before it is the commonest functional complaint in revision practice, and it usually traces to one of three places: the internal valve under a middle vault that was narrowed and not rebuilt, the external valve at a nostril whose cartilage was over-resected, or a septum that was deviated all along. It is measured rather than argued about: the NOSE scale is the instrument almost every paper here reports.
- [Alar base modification](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/alar-base-modification): Alar base modification narrows the nostrils and the base of the nose by cutting out a wedge of skin at the outside of the nostril, inside the nostril floor, or both. In 73 Asian patients who had the combined excision, flaring was gone in 75% and four patients had a complication.
- [Alar retraction](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/alar-retraction): Alar retraction is a nostril rim that has pulled up, so too much of the nostril shows from the front and the profile reads notched between the rim and the columella. It follows loss or malposition of the lateral crus, most often after cephalic trimming took too much, and it is corrected by putting support back along the rim rather than by lowering the rim itself.
- [Alar rim grafts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/alar-rim-grafts): An alar rim graft is a small strip of cartilage slid into a pocket along the edge of the nostril, where the nose has no cartilage of its own, to stop the rim curling up or falling in. In 90 patients who had one, the breathing score fell from 70.4 before surgery to 25.1 after.
- [Alloplastic implants](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/alloplastic-implants): An alloplastic implant is a manufactured piece of silicone, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene or porous polyethylene, placed on the bridge of the nose to raise it without taking cartilage from the patient. It removes the donor site and shortens the operation, and it carries a risk of infection, extrusion and movement that autologous cartilage does not.
- [The anatomy of the nose](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/anatomy): A nose is three stacked vaults sitting on one central wall: bone at the top, paired cartilages in the middle, two curved cartilages at the tip, and the septum holding all of it up from inside. Every rhinoplasty manoeuvre changes one of those structures, the ligaments that tie them together, or the skin envelope over them. Almost every complication in this literature is what happens when one is removed without being replaced.
- [Anesthesia for rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/anesthesia): Most rhinoplasty is done asleep under general anesthesia, and the published complication rates for sedation and for local anesthesia are not worse. The choices that change the operation are how the blood pressure is run, what is injected into the nose, and what the patient is sent home with.
- [Asian rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/asian-rhinoplasty): Rhinoplasty in Asian patients usually adds height and support rather than removing it, because the anatomy the papers describe is a low dorsum, a small and soft cartilage framework and a thick skin covering. The published goal is a nose that fits the patient's own face, and the surgical decisions that follow are about where the added material comes from and how it is held in place.
- [The bulbous tip](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/bulbous-tip): A bulbous tip is a tip that reads as wide and round from the front, with no clear light point. The width comes from the shape and position of the lower lateral cartilages, from the thickness of the skin over them, or from both, and the three causes need different operations.
- [The butterfly graft](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/butterfly-graft): A butterfly graft is a single piece of ear cartilage laid across the middle of the nose, under the skin, so its natural spring holds the collapsed breathing valve open. It was described in 2002 for people whose nose stayed blocked after a rhinoplasty, and it is now the main rival to the spreader graft for that job.
- [The caudal septum](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/caudal-septum): The caudal septum is the front edge of the septum, the part you can feel between your nostrils, and it holds the tip of the nose up. Bending here narrows the airway and tilts the nostrils, and it is the part of a septoplasty that surgeons describe as the hardest and the commonest reason for a second operation.
- [Chin augmentation with rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/chin-augmentation): A chin that sits behind the lip line makes the nose read as longer and more projected in profile, and moving the chin forward changes that without touching the nose. Of 108 consecutive patients presenting for a first rhinoplasty, 89.8% had measurable chin dysmorphology.
- [Cleft lip rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/cleft-lip-rhinoplasty): A cleft lip arrives with a nose built out of line: the nostril on the cleft side is flat and wide, the tip leans away from the midline, the septum bends, and the foot of the nostril sits low and back on a hollow bone. Correction runs in stages from infancy to the end of facial growth, and American cleft teams first consider the middle stage at a mean age of 5.83 years.
- [The columellar strut](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/columellar-strut): A columellar strut is a short piece of cartilage stood on end between the two inner legs of the tip cartilage, in the column of skin between the nostrils, to hold the tip up. Measured a year after surgery it loses 4.7% of tip projection, where the graft it competes with loses 0.2%.
- [Complications of rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/complications): Large single-surgeon series report complications in roughly one rhinoplasty in eight and revision in roughly one in twenty-five, and most of what is counted is shape rather than harm. Infection, bleeding and skin loss are rare, and the published rates cannot be compared across studies because the literature does not define its terms.
- [Dorsal hump reduction](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/component-dorsal-hump-reduction): The hump on a profile is not one thing: it is bone at the top, cartilage below it, and the joint where they meet. Taking it off in one pass with a rasp or an osteotome removes the roof of the middle third and, months later, leaves a shadow across the bridge and a narrower airway. The component technique takes it down in five graded steps instead, protecting the upper lateral cartilages and the paired lines that define the nose from the front.
- [What rhinoplasty costs](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/cost): The number a surgeon publishes and the number you pay are rarely the same. The American Society of Plastic Surgeons puts the average surgeon's fee at $7,637 and says plainly that it excludes anaesthesia, the operating room and everything else, while the ranked US practices that publish a price at all quote a median of $12,500 to $19,500, usually without saying what it includes. Rhinoplasty done to fix breathing is reconstructive and may be covered by insurance; the same operation done to change the shape is not, and in a nose that needs both, the split is a conversation with the surgeon's billing office rather than a rule.
- [Costal cartilage harvest](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/costal-cartilage-harvest): Taking rib cartilage means a second operation on the chest during the nose operation: an incision of about 2.4 cm, a length of cartilage cut from the sixth, seventh or eighth rib, and a wound that is sore for days. Pooled across 21 studies, pneumothorax occurred in 0.1% and scar problems in 2.9%.
- [Crushed cartilage grafts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/crushed-cartilage-grafts): A crushed cartilage graft is a piece of the patient's own cartilage flattened in a metal crusher until it is soft, then laid under the skin to smooth a ridge, an edge or a dent. How hard it is crushed decides how much of it survives, and the laboratory numbers for that are exact.
- [The deviated nose](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/deviated-nose): A deviated nose is one whose axis leaves the midline of the face, at the bones, at the middle third, at the tip, or at all three. Surgeons rank it as the hardest nose to correct because the septum, the bones and the cartilages are each asymmetric, and because the face underneath is usually asymmetric too.
- [Diced cartilage grafts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/diced-cartilage-grafts): A diced cartilage graft is the patient's own cartilage cut into pieces about a millimetre across, packed into a sleeve or set in glue, and laid on the bridge of the nose to raise it or smooth it. The pooled complication rate across 2,380 patients is 11.5%, and the pooled revision rate is 5.3%.
- [Narrowing the bridge](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/dorsal-narrowing): A wide bridge with no hump. Some noses are straight in profile and too broad from the front, so the operation has to narrow the bridge without lowering it. That means moving or reshaping the nasal bones and controlling the width of the middle third, while leaving enough space inside the nose to breathe through.
- [The drooping tip](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/drooping-tip): A drooping tip points down, and in many patients it points further down on smiling. The resting position is set by the cartilage frame and the caudal septum, the movement on smiling is driven by a muscle at the base of the columella, and treating one leaves the other in place.
- [Ear cartilage grafts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/ear-cartilage-grafts): Ear cartilage is taken from the bowl of the outer ear through an incision usually placed behind it, and used in the nose when the septum is gone or not enough. Across 372 harvests, 2.4% of patients had a problem at the ear.
- [Extracorporeal septoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/extracorporeal-septoplasty): Extracorporeal septoplasty takes the septum out of the nose, straightens it on the operating table and puts it back as a new L-shaped strut. It is the operation for the septum that cannot be straightened where it lies, and its central risk is the point where the septum meets the nasal bones.
- [Fat grafting in rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/fat-grafting): Fat drawn by liposuction from the belly or the flank is injected under the skin of the nose to add volume, cover a small irregularity and thicken a thin or scarred skin envelope. Across eleven studies covering 849 patients, satisfaction ran from 63% to 100% and measured retention was under half the volume injected.
- [Filler complications in the nose](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/filler-complications): Filler injected into the nose can enter an artery and stop the blood supply to skin or to the eye. This is rare, it is the reason the FDA advises against injecting the nose at all, and the signs that it is happening appear within minutes, which is why they are worth knowing before an appointment.
- [Injection rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/injection-rhinoplasty): Injection rhinoplasty changes the shape of the nose by adding gel under the skin, usually hyaluronic acid, in a few minutes and with no cutting. It adds volume and only adds volume, so it hides a hump by filling above and below it, lifts a drooping tip and straightens a contour, and it cannot make a nose smaller.
- [The internal nasal valve](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/internal-nasal-valve): The internal nasal valve is the narrow slot where the upper lateral cartilage meets the septum, about a centimetre and a third inside the nostril, and it is the tightest point in the whole airway. Widening it or stopping it collapsing is the goal of most functional rhinoplasty.
- [Inverted-V deformity](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/inverted-v): An inverted-V is a visible shadow across the middle of the nose, shaped like an upside-down V, where the lower edge of the nasal bones stands proud of the cartilage that should have been supported under it. It is what a middle vault does months after a hump is removed and the roof is not rebuilt, and the operation that exists to prevent it is the spreader graft.
- [Irradiated rib grafts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/irradiated-rib-grafts): An irradiated rib graft is donated human rib cartilage, sterilised with radiation at a tissue bank and carved to shape in the operating room, so nothing is cut from the patient's own chest. In the longest series, 1,025 of these grafts in 357 patients over 24 years produced a complication rate of 3.25%.
- [Lateral crural techniques](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/lateral-crural-techniques): The lateral crus is the curved strip of cartilage that runs from the tip out towards the cheek, and it holds the side wall of the nose open while you breathe in. Modern tip surgery reshapes it, moves it, props it or rebuilds it from its own trimmings, because cutting it away was what produced the pinched tips and lifted nostrils of the last century.
- [Latino rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/latino-rhinoplasty): The papers on Latino, Hispanic and mestizo rhinoplasty describe a nose whose supporting framework is slight and whose skin is thick, and they answer it by adding cartilage support rather than by removing tissue. The published classifications sort patients by the anatomy in front of the surgeon rather than by country of origin.
- [Long-term results](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/long-term-results): A rhinoplasty keeps changing after the first year. Swelling finishes resolving over about four years, the tip settles by an amount that depends on what was built to hold it, grafts thin or show, and the face around the nose goes on ageing.
- [Middle Eastern rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/middle-eastern-rhinoplasty): The papers on Middle Eastern rhinoplasty describe a nose with a high radix, a wide and overprojecting dorsum, a droopy poorly defined tip and thick sebaceous skin, and they treat it as a reduction that has to be paid for with added support. The stated aim across the reviews is a refined nose that stays recognisably the patient's own, and the named failure to avoid is overresection.
- [The middle vault](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/middle-vault): The middle vault is the middle third of the nose, a roof made of the septum and the two upper lateral cartilages joined to it. Taking a hump off opens that roof, and how the surgeon closes it again decides both the line of the nose from the front and whether the airway stays open.
- [Nasal analysis before surgery](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/nasal-analysis): Nasal analysis is the measured description of your nose and face that a surgeon makes before choosing what to do. It runs on standardised photographs, a defined set of landmarks, angles and ratios, and usually a simulated image of the planned result that you and the surgeon have to agree on.
- [Open-roof deformity](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/open-roof): Taking a hump off removes the roof of the nose along with it, leaving the cut edges of the two nasal bones facing the sky with a flat gap between them, the open roof. Closed at the same operation it is a step in the procedure. Left open it is a wide, flat bridge with palpable edges, and in time the cartilage below falls in and it becomes an inverted-V.
- [Open versus closed rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/open-vs-closed): Open rhinoplasty adds one small incision across the columella, the strip of skin between the nostrils, so the skin can be lifted off and the whole framework seen. Closed rhinoplasty does the same operations through incisions inside the nose, working partly by feel. It was the defining argument of late twentieth-century rhinoplasty, and in 2025 it was pooled across twenty studies and 1,067 patients: no significant difference in appearance, breathing, complications or swelling.
- [Nasal osteotomies](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/osteotomies): Cutting the nasal bones. An osteotomy is a controlled break in the bone of the upper third of the nose, made so the lateral walls can be moved inward, outward or straightened. It is the step that narrows a wide bridge, closes the gap left by hump removal and centres a crooked pyramid.
- [Pediatric septoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/pediatric-septoplasty): Septoplasty in a child straightens a septum that is still growing, and surgeons avoided it for decades because they believed it would stunt the face. The reviews written since do not find that effect, and they report that leaving a badly blocked nose alone carries its own cost.
- [Piezo rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/piezo-rhinoplasty): Cutting bone with sound. A piezoelectric handpiece vibrates a metal tip at ultrasonic frequency, which cuts mineralised bone but leaves soft tissue, cartilage and lining intact at the same setting. Surgeons use it to shape and divide the nasal bones under direct view instead of striking a chisel.
- [Pinched tip and bossae](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/pinched-tip): A pinched tip is a nose narrowed too far at the point, so the tip looks squeezed, the sidewall above the nostril falls in, and in thin skin the cut ends of the cartilage show through as two hard points called bossae. It is the classic consequence of taking too much from the lower lateral cartilages, and the modern correction is to rebuild those cartilages rather than trim anything further.
- [Polly-beak deformity](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/polly-beak): A polly-beak is fullness in the strip of nose just above the tip, so that in profile the bridge runs level or convex into the tip instead of dipping and then rising. The outline is a parrot's beak, which is where the name comes from. It is the commonest reason a rhinoplasty is done again, and in the largest series on file it was present in 62% of revision patients.
- [Powered instrumentation](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/powered-instrumentation): Motors instead of hands. A powered rhinoplasty uses a rotating burr, a reciprocating rasp, an oscillating micro saw or a suction shaver to remove and shape bone and soft tissue, in place of the hand rasp, chisel and knife. The same shaver, called a microdebrider, is the standard tool for reducing the inferior turbinates and is used in the septum.
- [Preservation rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/preservation-rhinoplasty): Instead of cutting the hump off the top of the nose and rebuilding the roof underneath it, preservation rhinoplasty takes cartilage and bone out from below and lets the intact dorsum settle down into the new position. The profile that results is the patient's own bridge, lowered, rather than a reconstructed one. It was named in 2018, spread worldwide within five years, and its distinctive failure is the hump coming back.
- [The psychology of rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/psychology): A nose is the one feature a person cannot look away from, and about one in three people who ask a surgeon to change theirs is carrying distress that the nose itself does not explain. The studies that measured both found no relationship between how deformed a nose looked to independent observers and how badly its owner rated it. That gap is the operation's central difficulty: the surgeon is asked to fix something visible, while what the patient is asking to end is usually something felt, and the two do not always move together.
- [Rhinoplasty recovery](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/recovery): Recovery is one uncomfortable week, one strange month and one slow year: the splint is on for about a week, the bruising has usually gone by two, and the nose that comes out of the swelling arrives gradually over the twelve months after that, tip last. Most people are doing ordinary things again in about four days, take far fewer painkillers than they are given, and spend the rest of the year waiting for a result that is already mostly there.
- [Revision of the nasal tip](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/revision-tip): Revising a tip means rebuilding the lower cartilages of a nose that has already been operated on, through scar, with less cartilage left and thicker skin over it. The tip is where most revisions are needed, the anatomy is no longer the anatomy in the textbook, and the second operation carries a higher chance of a third.
- [Revision rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/revision): A second rhinoplasty is a different operation from the first: the cartilage that would have been used to rebuild is usually gone, the skin is scarred and less able to survive the dissection, and the commonest complaint is that the patient cannot breathe. Between 5% and 15% of rhinoplasties are done again, and the published series agree that most of what brings a patient back was decided in the first operation.
- [Rhinoplasty in children](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/rhinoplasty-in-children): A child's nose is still growing, and the septum inside it is one of the structures the midface grows around, which is why nasal surgery before adulthood has been avoided for decades. The published follow-up now shows conservative surgery does not stunt that growth, and that a blocked or deformed nose left alone can itself change how the face develops.
- [Rhinoplasty photography](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/rhinoplasty-photography): A rhinoplasty is planned, judged and defended on photographs, so the camera, the lighting and the distance are part of the operation. Change any of them and the nose in the picture changes without the nose changing.
- [Rib cartilage grafts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/rib-cartilage-grafts): When there is not enough septum left to rebuild a nose, the surgeon takes cartilage from a rib, either the patient's own or one supplied by a tissue bank. That covers most revisions, most large augmentations and any nose whose septum has already been harvested. It is the material that makes big reconstruction possible, and what goes wrong with it is that carved rib bends: about 3% in pooled data, with a chest scar as the standing cost of taking it.
- [Saddle nose deformity](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/saddle-nose): A saddle nose is a bridge that has lost height in the middle, so the profile dips between the radix and the tip the way a saddle dips between its pommel and cantle. It happens when the septum that holds the nose up stops holding it up, after surgery, after trauma, after infection or inflammatory disease. Correcting it means rebuilding the support rather than filling the dip.
- [Septal perforation](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/septal-perforation): A septal perforation is a hole through both linings and the cartilage or bone between them, and it whistles, crusts, bleeds and blocks. Most of them are made by a previous operation, and closing one is a separate operation with a success rate that falls as the hole gets bigger.
- [Septoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/septoplasty): Septoplasty straightens the wall of cartilage and bone between the two sides of the nose so that air moves through both sides instead of one. Two randomised trials now put it ahead of steroid and saline sprays for adults whose blockage comes from a bent septum.
- [Spreader grafts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/spreader-grafts): A spreader graft is a strip of cartilage set on edge in the gap between the septum and the upper lateral cartilage, one on each side, to hold the middle of the nose open. It is the most used graft in rhinoplasty, placed in 70 of 100 consecutive septorhinoplasties in one published audit, and it is the technique every other nasal valve repair is measured against.
- [Steroids in septorhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/steroids-in-septorhinoplasty): Surgeons give a corticosteroid around the time of a septorhinoplasty to hold down the swelling and bruising of the first days, and inject a steroid into the skin above the tip months later when that skin stays thick. The first use has meta-analysis behind it and a measurable effect that is gone by the seventh day; the second rests on six small studies.
- [The subalar graft](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/subalar-graft): A subalar graft is a piece of cartilage placed under the base of the nostril, against the bone of the upper jaw, to build up a flat side of the face and bring a deviated tip back toward the middle. In 68 patients it moved the nasal axis 4.32 degrees toward the midline.
- [The consultation](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/the-consultation): The first rhinoplasty appointment is an examination of the nose and an examination of the reasons for wanting it changed, and the American Academy of Otolaryngology tells the surgeon to write both down. What a patient says in that hour predicts satisfaction, revision and litigation more reliably than any measurement of the nose.
- [The tip onlay graft](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/tip-onlay-graft): A tip onlay graft is a piece of cartilage laid flat across the top of the tip cartilages, one layer or several, to add height and definition where the nose is short at the front. Measured on photographs at 6 and 18 months, the projection it adds moved by 0.06 mm.
- [Tip rotation and projection](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/tip-rotation-and-projection): Rotation is the angle the tip sits at, projection is how far the tip stands out from the face. Both are set by the same frame of cartilage at the bottom of the nose, both are read off a profile photograph as an angle and a ratio, and both drift back from the position set on the table.
- [Tip support](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/tip-support): Tip support is what stops the tip sinking back once the operation is over. It comes from the lower lateral cartilages, from their attachments to the septum and to each other, and every manoeuvre that takes cartilage away takes some of it with it.
- [Tip sutures](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/tip-sutures): A tip suture reshapes the cartilage of the nasal tip by pulling on it, with nothing cut away. Modern tip surgery is built on a short list of named stitches placed in combination, and where each stitch sits decides whether the result looks natural or pinched.
- [The tongue-in-groove technique](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/tongue-in-groove): The tongue-in-groove sets the two inner walls of the nostrils onto the front edge of the septum and sews them there. Tip height and tip angle are then fixed to the septum instead of being left to healing, and the same stitch straightens a bent front septum and takes up a columella that hangs below the nostril rim.
- [Turbinate surgery](https://rhinoplasty.cc/surgery/turbinate-surgery): Turbinate surgery shrinks the swollen shelf of tissue on the side wall of the nose so air can pass, and it is usually done at the same sitting as a septoplasty. The methods differ in how much lining they leave behind, and that is what separates a result that lasts from a result that fades or harms.

## History

- [The Baker Gordon Symposium, Miami (1967–2026)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/history/baker-gordon): In February 1967, two Miami plastic surgeons held a meeting about aesthetic surgery because the specialty's own organisations would not, and put live operations on the programme. It was the first American meeting to do either. It ran for sixty years, the society that became The Aesthetic Society was conceived in its audience, and its final meeting was held in February 2026.
- [The Dallas Rhinoplasty Meeting (1984– )](https://rhinoplasty.cc/history/dallas-rhinoplasty): For four decades the way an American surgeon learned rhinoplasty was to go to Dallas in the spring: Jack Gunter and Robert Oneal started the course in 1984 to teach the open approach, and it has run every year since, held its 43rd meeting in March 2026, and produced the textbook the field taught from. It is the clearest example in this history of how a technique spreads: by a room, a faculty and a repeated date rather than by a paper.
- [History of rhinoplasty - the timeline](https://rhinoplasty.cc/history/history-of-rhinoplasty): Nasal reconstruction is the oldest operation in plastic surgery: it begins with amputation as punishment, the Sushruta Samhita's cheek flap and the Indian forehead flap, passes through the Branca and Vianeo families of southern Italy to Tagliacozzi's arm flap of 1597, and returns to Europe through the Cowasjee case of 1793. Cosmetic rhinoplasty begins with John Orlando Roe in Rochester in 1887 and Jacques Joseph in Berlin in 1898, and the century since is a contest between removing nasal structure, replacing it, and preserving it.
- [Jack P. Gunter, MD (1937–2017)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/history/jack-gunter): A Hungarian surgeon described the open approach to rhinoplasty in 1934 and a Croatian school carried it through the 1960s. In 1987 Jack Gunter published it in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and American plastic surgery, which had left the operation largely to otolaryngology, took it up. What he built around that paper mattered more than the paper: a course in Dallas that ran every year from 1984, a drawn record of every manoeuvre that made a rhinoplasty auditable, and a vocabulary of grafts that let surgeons in different cities describe the same operation.
- [Jack H. Sheen, MD (1925–2021)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/history/jack-sheen): Jack Sheen turned rhinoplasty from an operation about removal into an operation about replacement: his 1984 spreader graft rebuilt the roof of the middle vault that hump removal had taken away, and his tip grafts put shape back where excision had flattened it. He worked through the nostrils, wrote the book the field taught from for a decade, and argued the closed case against Jack Gunter until both of them were printed opposite each other in 1997.
- [The pioneers of rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/history/pioneers): Eighty-two entries, from Sushruta's cheek flap around 600 BCE to piezoelectric preservation in 2021, and almost none of these people were plastic surgeons as the term is used now: Ayurvedic physicians, a hereditary Punjabi caste, Sicilian and Calabrian barber-surgeon families, an anatomy professor at Bologna, an English army surgeon who practised on cadavers, otolaryngologists in Rochester and Berlin, and the war surgeons of 1914-1945. Each entry carries a date, a place, one contribution, and the publication that documents it.

## What the literature says, by topic

- [Anatomy and nasal analysis](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/anatomy-and-analysis): 415 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 41 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Before any technique is chosen, the nose has to be read: the bone measured, the cartilage counted, the skin assessed, and the result the patient wants agreed on a photograph that is not yet true. That reading is becoming quantitative, through CT of the septum and the bony vault, cadaver measurements of cartilages, three-dimensional planning and printed guides. The ideal being planned toward is neither universal nor stable: a neural network can now show that one surgeon's patients end up looking more like each other after surgery than they did before it.
- [Cleft, trauma and reconstruction](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/cleft-and-reconstruction): 220 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 40 abstracts with PubMed IDs. A cleft nose is a sequence spread across a childhood: a repair at three months, sometimes a second at five or six, and a definitive rhinoplasty once the face has finished growing. The argument in this literature is how much to do at each stage, since operating early was long feared to stunt the nose and operating late means a child grows up with a visibly asymmetric face. The evidence now says the fear was largely wrong: eight of nine studies that measured growth found no restriction, and between 43% and 100% of children who had a primary rhinoplasty avoided a revision later.
- [Complications and management](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/complications): 177 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 40 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Serious complications after rhinoplasty are rare: infection runs under 1% in the two largest single-surgeon series, pooled rib harvests record no pneumothorax, and the bleeding series record no thromboembolism. What happens to patients instead is numbness, acne, a lump, a nose they do not like, and another operation. A review that set 117 papers against 24 consent forms found that the two commonest complications in the literature, dissatisfaction and revision, were the two least likely to be named on the form the patient signed.
- [Dorsum and hump](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/dorsum-and-hump): 266 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 40 abstracts with PubMed IDs. The hump is the commonest reason people ask for rhinoplasty and the step that decides most of what follows: take the roof off and the middle vault has to be rebuilt, keep the roof and it may push its way back up. The current literature is mostly about instruments and sequence: ultrasonic cutting in place of a chisel, reshaping the surface in place of resecting the structure, and the fixation that keeps a lowered dorsum down.
- [Ethnic, Asian, Middle Eastern, African and Latino rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/ethnic): 215 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 40 abstracts with PubMed IDs. The nose in front of the surgeon decides the operation, not the patient's ancestry: skin thickness, cartilage strength and existing dorsal height set the limits of what any technique can deliver, and planning every nose toward one Caucasian ideal is the error the comparative data now names. Where the skin is thick and the framework weak, definition has to be built with structure rather than carved out of it, which is why grafting rather than reduction runs through almost every non-Caucasian series in this literature.
- [History, education and training](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/history-and-education): 63 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 64 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Rhinoplasty is the oldest operation in plastic surgery and one of the hardest to teach: the technique reaches a trainee through a fellowship year, a meeting, a video and, increasingly, a printed model, because the traditional apprenticeship gives most residents almost no hands-on time. The historical papers in this archive exist for the same reason as the training ones: a field that argues about who did what first is trying to work out what it knows.
- [Male rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/male): 5 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 14 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Fewer men have rhinoplasty, and almost nobody studies them separately: five papers in this entire archive have "male" in the title, against tens of thousands of patients in series that are three-quarters women. Those five, and the sex-split data inside the larger studies, agree: the anatomy is thicker and heavier, the operation should preserve masculine features rather than reduce them toward a female ideal, and the men who present carry a higher rate of body dysmorphic symptoms and are harder to satisfy.
- [Non-surgical and filler rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/nonsurgical): 99 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 40 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Injecting hyaluronic acid into the nose takes fifteen minutes, satisfies almost everyone who has it, lasts eight to fourteen months, and carries one risk that no amount of satisfaction offsets: filler entering an artery, which in 22 published cases took the patient's sight and gave it back to only 27% of them. Everything in this literature is a trade between that risk and the fact that, for the right complaint, a syringe does what an operation would otherwise have to.
- [Open versus closed approach](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/open-vs-closed): 71 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 47 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Whether the surgeon opens the nose through a small incision across the columella or works entirely through the nostrils has been argued in print since 1973, was put on facing pages of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery by Jack Gunter and Jack Sheen in 1997, and was finally pooled in 2025: across twenty studies and 1,067 patients there is no significant difference in what patients report, in breathing, in complications or in swelling. The open approach lets the surgeon see; the closed approach leaves less scar and less dissection; the result a year later belongs to the operation done, not the door used to reach it.
- [Outcomes, satisfaction and psychology](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/outcomes-and-psychology): 289 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 40 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Rhinoplasty is measured with ten different questionnaires, none of which covers both the way the nose looks and the way it breathes, and the best-developed one has no airway questions at all. Most published results therefore describe half the operation. What patients report is consistent anyway: large gains in appearance and in psychological well-being, smaller gains in breathing satisfaction than in breathing itself, and a dissatisfied minority whose distress was measurable before the operation rather than caused by it.
- [Adolescent and aging nose](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/pediatric-and-aging): 51 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 21 abstracts with PubMed IDs. The same operation is a different problem at twelve and at seventy: in a child the fear is stunting a nose that has not finished growing, and in an older patient the nose has kept changing, dropping at the tip, thinning at the skin and weakening at the cartilage, until it blocks the airway. Both ends of that range are thinly studied compared with the twenty-five-year-old cosmetic patient who fills most of this literature, and the strongest finding at each end is the same: the operation is safer than the field long assumed.
- [Preservation rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/preservation): 208 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 38 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Preservation rhinoplasty lowers the hump by taking cartilage and bone out from underneath and letting the roof of the nose settle, instead of cutting the roof off and rebuilding it. After a decade of adoption the comparative evidence says the two approaches end up in about the same place, with preservation ahead on early appearance and on looking unoperated. Its one distinctive failure is the hump coming back, which is why most of the technical literature of the past three years is about the seven anatomical points that push it back up and how to defeat them.
- [Revision and secondary rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/revision): 208 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 38 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Between 5% and 15% of rhinoplasties are done again, and the published series say the second operation is a different problem from the first: the cartilage is gone, the skin is scarred and less able to survive, and the airway is usually part of the complaint. The commonest reasons for coming back, too little tip rotation, a hanging columella and fullness above the tip, trace to technique choices made in the primary. The literature is almost entirely single-surgeon and retrospective, and its strongest finding is preventive: which patients will return can be partly predicted before the first operation.
- [Rib, ear and septal grafts](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/rib-and-grafts): 349 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 39 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Modern rhinoplasty builds rather than removes, so the operation runs on cartilage: the septum first, then the ear, then the rib, and when none of those will do, a piece of donated rib from a tissue bank. The published complication rates for all of these are low and similar; what separates them is warping, a chest scar, an hour of operating time, and how the donated cartilage was processed, which turns out to matter more than whether it was donated at all.
- [Septum, valve and airway](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/septum-and-airway): 345 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 40 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Every rhinoplasty is a breathing operation whether it intends to be or not: the septum holds the nose up as well as dividing it, and the narrowest part of the whole airway is the internal valve the surgeon is standing over. Across 43 studies and 2,024 patients, operations done for breathing improved it by a very large margin, sustained to a year. What is unsettled is measurement: patients report large gains, airflow instruments agree only sometimes, and the two questionnaires in common use had to be mathematically linked before results from different practices could be compared at all.
- [Nasal tip](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/topic/tip): 289 papers 2011–2026, synthesis of 40 abstracts with PubMed IDs. Tip surgery is now a support problem rather than a sculpting problem: the septal extension graft holds projection and rotation where the columellar strut loses them (0.2% against 4.7% projection loss at one year), and the current series repair, reposition and reinforce the lower lateral cartilages instead of excising them. Large series report satisfaction of 85–90% with revision rates between 1.7% and 13%, but almost all of them are single-surgeon and retrospective, and only 27.3% of published tip-graft studies report what the patient thought.

## Archives

- [Journal archive](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal): 2209 rhinoplasty papers, core journals 2011–2026
- [Plain-language paper summaries](https://rhinoplasty.cc/journal/summaries): 1262 papers explained by rhinoplasty.cc (one sentence, overview, what it means for a patient, why it matters)
- [Video archive](https://rhinoplasty.cc/videos): 4823 surgeon videos
- [Work archive](https://rhinoplasty.cc/cases): links to surgeons' own galleries


## Famous rhinoplasties, with sources

- [Kaley Cuoco: Rhinoplasty (and breast augmentation)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/kaley-cuoco): On record; Fox News 2016-11-17
- [Lisa Kudrow: Rhinoplasty at 16](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/lisa-kudrow): On record; ABC News 2013-10-29
- [Jennifer Aniston: Septoplasty (deviated septum)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/jennifer-aniston): On record; Today.com 2007-02-01
- [Tyra Banks: Rhinoplasty early in her career](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/tyra-banks): On record; ABC News / GMA 2018-03-28
- [Bella Hadid: Rhinoplasty at 14](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/bella-hadid): On record; NBC News 2022-03-17
- [Michael Jackson: Two rhinoplasties (self-reported)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/michael-jackson): On record; Wikipedia 2009-07-08
- [Jennifer Grey: two rhinoplasties after Dirty Dancing (c. 1989–90, age 29)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/jennifer-grey): On record; HuffPost 2022-04-18; MS NOW 2022-05-09; The Forward 2022; mamamia.com.au
- [Iggy Azalea: rhinoplasty, disclosed 2015](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/iggy-azalea): On record; TV Guide 2015-08-04; Billboard 2015
- [Khloé Kardashian: one rhinoplasty (Dr. Raj Kanodia), disclosed 2021](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/khloe-kardashian): On record; Gulf News 2021-06-21; uk.news.yahoo.com; ¡Hola! 2022-06-28
- [Kris Jenner: nose "the only thing on my face that's real," 2025](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/kris-jenner): On record; Yahoo 2025-12-04
- [Kylie Jenner: denies facial surgery, 2023](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/kylie-jenner): Denied; BuzzFeed 2023; Yahoo News
- [Kim Kardashian: "I never had my nose done," 2019](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/kim-kardashian): Denied; W Magazine 2019-02-13; ET
- [Cardi B: nose filler 2019, rhinoplasty 2020, disclosed 2022–23](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/cardi-b): On record; NewBeauty 2023-01-21; Dec 2022 Dec 2022; People via AOL
- [Ashley Tisdale: septorhinoplasty 2007-11-30, disclosed 2007–08; "shamed" statement 2021](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/ashley-tisdale): On record; Fox News 2021-01-29; Alamy (AP photo); CBS
- [Ashlee Simpson: rhinoplasty 2006](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/ashlee-simpson): Reported; Nicki Swift 2006; Today 2007-10-12
- [Cameron Diaz: nose surgery after four fractures, 2006–07](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/cameron-diaz): On record; contactmusic.com; imdb.com
- [Barbra Streisand: refused a nose job (on record 1977 and 2023)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/barbra-streisand): On record; Today 2023-11-08; Global News
- [Kathy Griffin: rhinoplasty at 26](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/kathy-griffin): On record; Hello! 2025-11-11
- [Joan Rivers: "several nose jobs," self-reported](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/joan-rivers): On record; THR 2014; NPR 2009-01-10
- [Megan Fox: one rhinoplasty in her 20s, disclosed 2024](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/megan-fox): On record; Fox News 2024-03-20; ET via CBS8
- [Cher: nose job, on record since 1988](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/cher): On record; NewBeauty 2023-12-21; ABC Primetime 2002 full interview 2002
- [Lil' Kim: multiple nose surgeries after a broken nose, disclosed 2005](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/lil-kim): On record; Capital XTRA 2021-02-28; Hot 97 interview video
- [Courtney Love: nose job in her 20s, on record 2014](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/courtney-love): On record; News24 2017-07-28; Refinery29 2015-07-14
- [Tori Spelling: nose job ("a long time ago"), on record 2014 and 2019](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/tori-spelling): On record; Today 2019-08-28
- [Julia Fox: rhinoplasty as a teenager; woke mid-procedure](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/julia-fox): On record; Us Weekly/Yahoo 2023-11-08
- [Dianna Agron: septoplasty after two nasal fractures, on record 2011](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/dianna-agron): On record; Young Hollywood 2011-08-03; Marie Claire UK
- [Nicki Minaj: denies a nose job, 2024](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/nicki-minaj): Denied; Hot 97 2024-10-23
- [Nicole Kidman: "completely natural," 2008](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/nicole-kidman): Denied; HuffPost 2008-03-28
- [Kelly Osbourne: "I have not had plastic surgery," 2021](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/kelly-osbourne): Denied; Fox News 2021-05-25
- [Fanny Brice: rhinoplasty 1923 (Dr. Henry Schireson, hotel room)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/fanny-brice): Historical; Jewish Women's Archive; Schireson 1923; AP photo 1923; J. Weekly 2004-06-04
- [Marilyn Monroe: Dr. Michael Gurdin's files, 1950–62; auctioned 2013](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/marilyn-monroe): Reported; ABC News 2013-10-10; E! 2013-10-10; CNBC 2013-10-09
- [Gladys Deacon, Duchess of Marlborough: paraffin nose injection, 1903 (age 22)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/gladys-deacon): Historical; Telegraph 2011-02-07 2011-02-07; Adrian Tinniswood (blog)
- [Tycho Brahe: nasal prosthesis after an 1566 duel; brass, per 2010 exhumation](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/tycho-brahe): Historical; ENT & Audiology News; NBC 2012; Nordic Journal of Renaissance Studies 12 2017
- [Walter Yeo: Gillies tubed-pedicle facial reconstruction, 1917](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/walter-yeo): Historical; Wikipedia; National Army Museum
- [Sushruta → Cowasjee (Poona 1793; *Gentleman's Magazine* Oct 1794) → Carpue 1814: ](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/sushruta-cowasjee-carpue): Historical; Hektoen International; Carpue 1816 1793
- [Gaspare Tagliacozzi: *De curtorum chirurgia per insitionem*, Venice 1597](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/gaspare-tagliacozzi): Historical; Harvard Countway; Arch Facial Plast Surg 2001 2001
- [John Orlando Roe: first intranasal (endonasal) cosmetic rhinoplasty, Rochester NY, 1887](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/john-orlando-roe): Historical; PMID 2643972; Springer; PubMed Central
- [Jacques Joseph: first reduction rhinoplasty, Berlin, 1898; *Nasenplastik* 1931](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/jacques-joseph): Historical; Wikipedia; Norman Publishing; PubMed Central
- [Dean Martin: nose straightened, 1940s](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/dean-martin): Reported; Wikipedia; Grunge 2022-03-02; LinkedIn
- [Eric Klein v. Paul Nassif, M.D., et al.: LASC BC606167 (filed 2016; tentative dismissal 2017)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/klein-v-nassif): Court record; MyNewsLA 2017-10-09; Trellis court index; Courthouse News 2016
- [Endrys Martinez, 19: died after rhinoplasty, Coral Gables FL, May 2026](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/endrys-martinez): Reported; Miami Herald via Tampa Bay Times/Yahoo 2026-06-07
- [Margaret Spada, 22: died after rhinoplasty, Rome, November 2024](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/margaret-spada): Reported; L'Unione Sarda 2024-11-15; Il Messaggero
- [Karen Julieth Cárdenas Uribe, 21: died after rhinoplasty, Bucaramanga, Colombia, 2023-01-29](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/karen-cardenas-uribe): Reported; The Independent via AOL 2023-01-31
- [Jabrane v. Laser Center of Maryland: Health Claims Arbitration, Anne Arundel County, filed 2017-03-08](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/jabrane-v-laser-center-of-maryland): Court record; Miller & Zois
- [Rhinoplasty litigation: the numbers](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/rhinoplasty-litigation-numbers): Published; Oxford Academic; SAGE Journals; PubMed
- [Filler ("liquid rhinoplasty") blindness: case reports](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/filler-rhinoplasty-blindness): Historical; PubMed; Harley Academy; CBC 2020
- [Iran: highest per-capita rhinoplasty rate](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/iran-rhinoplasty-rate): Reported; PRX The World 2016-07-31; AFP via Medical Xpress 2016-01-04; PubMed Central
- [Tehran nose bandage as status symbol: ](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/tehran-nose-bandage-as-status-symbol): Reported; Medical Xpress (AFP); Taipei Times; Vice
- ["Instagram Face": Jia Tolentino, *The New Yorker*, 2019-12-12](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/instagram-face): Historical; New Yorker 2019-12-12 2019-12-12; NPR 2026-07-22
- [TikTok "#nosejobcheck": ](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/tiktok-nosejobcheck): Reported; Insider via Yahoo 2021-01-10; Preview
- [*Botched* (E!): Dwight Eubanks (2015) and "Holly" (S7 premiere, 2021)](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/botched-eubanks-holly): Reported; Starcasm; E! News
- [Jack H. Sheen: Supratip ("polly beak") deformity = over-resection of caudal dorsum, not excess tissue](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/sheen-supratip-deformity): Published; Ann Plast Surg 1979
- [Jack H. Sheen: Spreader graft](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/sheen-spreader-graft): Published; Plast Reconstr Surg 1984
- [Jack H. Sheen: Aesthetic Rhinoplasty (1st ed 1978): dorsal/tip grafting](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/sheen-aesthetic-rhinoplasty): Published; aaps1921.org 1978
- [Jack P. Gunter: Open approach for secondary rhinoplasty](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/gunter-open-approach-secondary-rhinoplasty): Published; Plast Reconstr Surg 1987
- [Jack P. Gunter: "Gunter diagrams": graphic intraoperative record](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/gunter-diagrams): Published; Plast Reconstr Surg 1989
- [Rod J. Rohrich: Component dorsal hump reduction](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/rohrich-component-dorsal-hump-reduction): Published; Plast Reconstr Surg 2004
- [Rohrich / Gunter / Adams: Dallas Rhinoplasty: Nasal Surgery by the Masters: 1st ed 2002; 4th ed (Rohrich, Ahmad, Adams) 68 chapters, 120+ videos](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/dallas-rhinoplasty-book): Published; shop.thieme.com 2002
- [Dean M. Toriumi: Structure approach](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/toriumi-structure-approach): Published; Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2005
- [Rollin K. Daniel: Rhinoplasty: An Atlas of Surgical Techniques: Springer 2002, ISBN 9780387944586, >1,000 intraoperative photos](https://rhinoplasty.cc/famous/daniel-rhinoplasty-atlas): Published; link.springer.com 2002