Journal archive · Cleft, trauma and reconstruction · History, education and training · 2021
The history of nasal reconstruction
Shaye DA.
In the archive as a landmark paper: the core sweep runs 2011–2026, and this one is here because the history of rhinoplasty rests on it · cited on history of rhinoplasty, pioneers.
Abstract
Purpose Of Review: Total nasal reconstruction is a unique plastic surgery challenge of the highest order. The history of nasal reconstruction dates back to ancient times and it remains a fundamental challenge today. This article reviews the historical context of nasal reconstruction, and highlights how the essential tenets of this art have been conserved over millennia.
Recent Findings: The disfiguring and brutal practice of nasal amputation created a demand for 'nosemakers' in India since 1500 BC. In 600 BC, Sushruta described the use of a leaf to make a template of the wound, and a cheek flap to supply tissue. In the 1400-1500s, the Italians relied on similar flap concepts, but employed a pedicled arm flap for soft tissue coverage. Eventually, the forehead flap, or 'Indian method' of nasal reconstruction, made its way to Europe in the 1800s. Its use has been a fundamental component of nasal reconstruction to this day.
Summary: Knowledge of the unique history of nasal reconstruction permits appreciation of this surgical integration of art and science. The story of nasal reconstruction has been one of global contribution and creativity that has stood the test of time.
Abstract as indexed by PubMed; the article is open access (PubMed Central).
Citation
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What the rhinoplasty literature says on this paper's topics, cited line by line to PubMed.
Cleft, trauma and reconstruction
A cleft nose is a sequence spread across a childhood: a repair at three months, sometimes a second at five or six, and a definitive rhinoplasty once the face has finished growing.
History, education and training
Rhinoplasty is the oldest operation in plastic surgery and one of the hardest to teach: the technique reaches a trainee through a fellowship year, a meeting, a video and, increasingly, a printed model, because the traditional apprenticeship gives most residents almost no hands-on time.
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