Journal archive · Septum, valve and airway · History, education and training · 2025
Indications and Evolution of the Butterfly Graft in Nasal Valve Repair
Rist TM, Clark JM.
In the archive as a landmark paper: the core sweep runs 2011–2026, and this one is here because the history of rhinoplasty rests on it · cited on butterfly graft.
From the abstract
“Persistent nasal airway obstruction from inadequately addressed nasal valve compromise is common. Many techniques exist to perform nasal valve repair. Historically, spreader grafts are the most commonly used, despite a relative lack of evidence demonstrating its superiority over other methods. The butterfly graft is…”
Excerpt; the full abstract is on PubMed.
Citation
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What the rhinoplasty literature says on this paper's topics, cited line by line to PubMed.
Septum, valve and airway
Every rhinoplasty is a breathing operation whether it intends to be or not: the septum holds the nose up as well as dividing it, and the narrowest part of the whole airway is the internal valve the surgeon is standing over.
History, education and training
Rhinoplasty is the oldest operation in plastic surgery and one of the hardest to teach: the technique reaches a trainee through a fellowship year, a meeting, a video and, increasingly, a printed model, because the traditional apprenticeship gives most residents almost no hands-on time.
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