Journal archive · Nasal tip · Septum, valve and airway · Outcomes, satisfaction and psychology · Anatomy and nasal analysis · 2026
Management of Lateral Crura Deformity in Functional and Aesthetic Rhinoplasty: Classification, Surgical Algorithm, and Outcome-Based Approach
Tanvar S, Basu R.
What this paper says
A classification and treatment algorithm for deformed or mispositioned lateral crura, applied to 50 patients with a mean 14.2-month follow-up, gave 90% reporting significant improvement and a 4% revision rate.
Overview
The lateral crura are the side arms of the tip cartilages; when weak, curled or mispositioned they cause a poor tip shape, nostril collapse and blocked breathing. The Indian authors describe a classification system and a structured surgical algorithm, applied in a mixed retrospective-prospective study of patients having primary or revision rhinoplasty with lateral crural work between 2022 and 2025. Outcomes: photographic analysis, a 5-point satisfaction scale, and NOSE.
Sections of note
- 50 patients: 80% primary, 20% revision.
- Mean follow-up 14.2 months (range 6-24).
- Mean NOSE score improved (values not given in the abstract).
- 90% reported significant aesthetic and functional improvement.
- Two patients (4%) had revision for minor asymmetry.
- The authors' principle: prioritise "preservation and restoration over excessive excision."
What it means for a patient
- Problems with the nostril-side cartilage are treated by repositioning and reinforcing rather than cutting away, which in this series protected breathing.
- Nine in ten patients reported improvement in both appearance and breathing.
- The numbers are small and outcome figures are incompletely reported.
Why this paper matters
It offers a structured decision tool for a common tip problem, consistent with the trend away from cartilage excision. Limits: 50 patients, no comparison group, NOSE change not quantified in the abstract.
Terms
- Lateral crura: the outer legs of the lower lateral cartilages, running along the nostril rims.
- Alar insufficiency: weakness of the nostril wall leading to collapse on inhalation.
- External nasal valve: the nostril opening, supported by the lateral crura.
- Cephalic malposition: lateral crura angled too far upward, giving a bulbous tip and weak rims.
- NOSE: a validated 0-100 nasal obstruction score.
Summary written by rhinoplasty.cc from the abstract, 2026-09-08; not medical advice. The authors' own abstract follows. All 1,262 summaries.
From the abstract
“The lateral crura of the lower lateral cartilages are crucial in tip rhinoplasty. Their deformity or malposition causes aesthetic imbalance, alar insufficiency, and functional airway compromise. Objectives And Hypotheses: The objective of this study is to describe a classification system for lateral crura deformity…”
Excerpt; the full abstract is on PubMed.
Citation
Start here
What the rhinoplasty literature says on this paper's topics, cited line by line to PubMed.
Nasal tip
Tip surgery is now a support problem rather than a sculpting problem: the septal extension graft holds projection and rotation where the columellar strut loses them (0.2% against 4.7% projection loss at one year), and the current series repair, reposition and reinforce the lower lateral cartilages instead of excising them.
Septum, valve and airway
Every rhinoplasty is a breathing operation whether it intends to be or not: the septum holds the nose up as well as dividing it, and the narrowest part of the whole airway is the internal valve the surgeon is standing over.
Outcomes, satisfaction and psychology
Rhinoplasty is measured with ten different questionnaires, none of which covers both the way the nose looks and the way it breathes, and the best-developed one has no airway questions at all.
Anatomy and nasal analysis
Before any technique is chosen, the nose has to be read: the bone measured, the cartilage counted, the skin assessed, and the result the patient wants agreed on a photograph that is not yet true.
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